This paper discusses methodological issues and problems related to measuring laterality effects in dichotic listening. Section I describes the standard dichotic two‐response paradigm, as well as a number of indices of the degree of ear advantage proposed in the literature. The numerical range of most of these indices is constrained by performance level; only one particular index avoids these constraints. However, this does not make this index necessarily the optimal one. First, a correction for guessing is proposed. Then, analogies to signal‐detection theory are discussed, as well as theoretical and empirical criteria for choosing the correct index of laterality. While this index is still unknown, the index called hereegis proposed as the best solution at the present state of knowledge. Section II discusses the phenomenon of dichotic fusion and the dichotic single‐response paradigm, which offers many methodological advantages over the two‐response paradigm. Section III discusses the factors of ear dominance and stimulus dominance in the perception of fused stimuli. An index of ear dominance is derived by again taking advantage of analogies to signal‐detection theory. In Sec. IV, a number of remaining problems are discussed: stimulus intelligibility, guessing and selective attention, blend responses, test reliability, validity, and homogeneity.