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Calculation of Magnetic and Electric Fields from Displacement Currents

 

作者: Robert M. Whitmer,  

 

期刊: American Journal of Physics  (AIP Available online 1965)
卷期: Volume 33, issue 6  

页码: 481-484

 

ISSN:0002-9505

 

年代: 1965

 

DOI:10.1119/1.1971712

 

出版商: American Association of Physics Teachers

 

数据来源: AIP

 

摘要:

We calculate the magnetic induction from the integral form of the Biot-Savart law,B = μ0/4π∫(J+Ḋ) × rdV/r3. In the quasistatic case, using only the scalar electric potential, we transform the volume integral ofḊinto an inner and an outer surface integral, both of which vanish except for a contribution from the polarization current in dielectric materials. Hence the induction is calculable from the sum of the conduction- and polarization-current densities alone. This result has no bearing on the calculation of the induction from Ampere's law, where we must use the entire displacement-current density. In the converse problem of an induced electric field there is no magnetic conduction current, and the quasistatic magnetic displacement current arises from a changing electric current in a closed circuit. We expressHthrough the scalar magnetic potential, which is discontinuous on a surface bounded by the electric circuit. We obtain the induced electric field from a volume integral like the Biot-Savart integral above, and as before we transform it into surface integrals. There are two nonvanishing contributions. One is over both sides of the surface which is bounded by the electric circuit; it gives an expression for the electric field which we commonly compute from the vector potential. The second contribution reappears as a volume integral of magnetization currents in magnetic material.

 

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