Elander Lindberg N, Lindberg E, Larsson G. Psychologic factors in the etiology of amalgam illness. Acta Odontol Scand 1994;52:219-228. Oslo. ISSN 0001-6357Eleven patients with amalgam illness aged 33–50 years were investigated by psychodynamic methods. Six of them, all women, were dental nurses and hygienists exposed to amalgam/ mercury both from their own dental fillings and occupationally. Four men and one woman were exposed only to amalgam/mercury from their own fillings. Assays of mercury in urine samples and in the ambient air during work routines involving the heaviest exposure indicated that the exposure was far below the levels at which even subclinical symptoms could be indicated by psychometric tests. The psychologic investigation indicated that the symptoms of amalgam illness were psychosomatic. All patients had experienced important psychic traumata in close connection with the first appearance of symptoms. It can be concluded from the psychodynamic dialogues that they had not been able to mourn for a loss in an adequate manner and that the body had been forced to symbolize the great pain in their souls.