SUMMARYThe genusOphionectriahas been included in both the Euascomycetes and Loculoascomycetes. Critical study of the type species,Ophionectria trichospora, reveals it to have unitunicate asci, a hypocreaceous centrum and bright-colored perithecia. The genus, therefore, belongs in the euascomycete order Hypocreales. All available type specimens of species which have been placed inOphionectriawere examined. Only the type species remains in the genus. All others are excluded. In this paper the monotypic genusOphionectriais described and figured; excluded species are discussed briefly. One new species is described:Barya byssicola.Two new names are proposed:Calonectria bryophilaandLasiosphaeria glabra.Seven new combinations are proposed:Calonectria hendrickxii, C. vernoniae, Torrubiella lloydii, Lasiosphaeria rufula, Podonectria coccorum, P. larvaesporaandTubeufia paludosa.