Exposure variables in ergonomic epidemiology
作者:
Mats Hagberg,
期刊:
American Journal of Industrial Medicine
(WILEY Available online 1992)
卷期:
Volume 21,
issue 1
页码: 91-100
ISSN:0271-3586
年代: 1992
DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700210111
出版商: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company
关键词: human engineering;biomechanics;occupational health;low back;carpal tunnel syndrome;shoulder disorders;exposure assessment
数据来源: WILEY
摘要:
AbstractThe ergonomic field is rather new to epidemiology and ergonomists are usually without knowledge in epidemiology. This review presents exposure variables used in ergonomic epidemiology, especially those that concern mechanical trauma to the musculoskeletal system at the workplace and suggests how to approach exposure definition, exposure assessment, and exposure evaluation. The exposure variables that define the exposure can be divided into five main categories: posture, motion/repetition, material handling, work organization, and external factors. There is no consensus on how different exposure variables should be pooled and interpreted as single estimates of cumulative exposure. For future ergonomic epidemiology, it is suggested that exposure be described by different exposure variables giving an exposure profile and not by a single estimate of the exposure. The possibly short time‐response relationship for many work‐related musculoskeletal disorders provides a challenge in evaluating different cumulative exposure measures. These measures could easily turn into effective hazard surveillance tools. Large etiological fractions found for some musculoskeletal diseases indicate a great potential for ergonomic interventi
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