Coordination chemistry of weathering: Kinetics of the surface‐controlled dissolution of oxide minerals
作者:
Werner Stumm,
Roland Wollast,
期刊:
Reviews of Geophysics
(WILEY Available online 1990)
卷期:
Volume 28,
issue 1
页码: 53-69
ISSN:8755-1209
年代: 1990
DOI:10.1029/RG028i001p00053
数据来源: WILEY
摘要:
Chemical weathering processes, essentially caused by the interaction of water and the atmosphere with the Earth's crust, transform primary minerals into solutes and clays and, eventually, into sedimentary rocks; these processes participate in controlling the global hydrogeochemical cycles of many elements. Many mineral dissolution processes are controlled by a chemical mechanism at the solid‐water interface. The reaction‐controlling steps can be interpreted in terms of a surface coordination model. The tendency of a mineral to dissolve is influenced by the interaction of solutes—H+, OH−, ligands, and metal ions—with its surface. The surface reactivity is shown to depend on the surface species and their structural identity; specifically, the dependence of dissolution rates onpH and on dissolved ligand concentrations can be explained in terms of surface protonation (and deprotonation) and of ligand surface complexes. A general rate law for the dissolution of minerals is derived by considering, in addition to the surface coordination chemistry, established models of lattice statistics and activated compl
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