Method for Measuring Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Viscoelastic Liquids and Gels; the Gelation of Polyvinyl Chloride
作者:
Meyer H. Birnboim,
John D. Ferry,
期刊:
Journal of Applied Physics
(AIP Available online 1961)
卷期:
Volume 32,
issue 11
页码: 2305-2313
ISSN:0021-8979
年代: 1961
DOI:10.1063/1.1777064
出版商: AIP
数据来源: AIP
摘要:
An apparatus has been developed to determine the components of the complex shear modulus of viscoelastic liquids and dilute gels over a continuous frequency range from 0.01 to 5 cps by amplitude‐phase shift measurements and from 2.5 to 400 cps by single coil transducer impedance measurements. The temperature range is from −40° to 150°C. The sample is deformed in very small strains with annular pumping geometry, as in the earlier apparatus of Smith, Ferry, and Schremp. Preliminary results on 2.29 and 3.00% solutions of polyvinyl chloride in di‐2‐ethyl hexyl phthalate provide the dynamic storage and loss moduli and the relaxation spectrum as they change during the process of gelation. The moduli of the ungelled solutions, at an early stage of the aggregation process, follow the Zimm theory rather closely, and the local effective viscosity derived therefrom lies between the solvent viscosity and the solution viscosity. The loss compliance of the aged gels is approximately represented by the Bueche theory for cross‐linked networks. However, it is evident that the gels contain a large proportion of sol fraction (polymer species unattached to the network).
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