This article presents a review of the literature on juvenile idiopathic scoliosis, and includes a case study. Psychosocial adjustment using the framework of (1) general appearance, (2) developmental status, (3) school and play issues, (4) family system, and (5) psychologic coping behaviors is discussed, using a nursing process format. Conclusions are (1) the juvenile with idiopathic scoliosis has treatment needs that differ from the adolescent; (2) the parents are crucial to adjustment; (3) autonomy and self-care should be fostered; and (4) positive coping skills can be attained by nursing interventions.