J O U R N A L OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY. aammittu af H. E. ARMSTRONG Ph.D. F.R.S. W. CROOKES F.R.S. WYNDHAM R. DUNSTAN. F. R. JAPP M.A. Yh.D. F.R.S. A. K. MILLER Ph.D. HUGO MULLER Ph.D. F.R.S. @ubIirarian : S. U. PICKERING M.A. W. RAMSAP Ph.D. F.R.S. W. J. RUSSELL Ph.D. F.R.S. J. MILLAE THOMSON F.R.S.E. T. E. THORPE Ph.D. F.R.S. @,bitax : C. E. GROVES F.R.S. Sdr-6lhitar : A. J. GREENAWAY. VOl. LIII. 1888. TRAKSACTIONS. LONDON: GURNEY & JACKSON 1 PATERNOSTER ROW. 1888 LONDON : ST. MARTIN’S LANE. HARRISON AND SONS PRINTERS IN ORDINARY TO nER MAJESTY C O N T E N T S . PAPERS READ BEFORE THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY. PAGE 1.-Synthetical Formation of Closed Carbon-chains in the Aromatic Series. Part I. On some Derivatives of Hy-drindonaphthene and Tetrahydronaphthalene.By lv. H. 11.-Synthetical Formation of Closed Carbon-chains in the Aromatic Series. Part 11. By F. STANLEY KIPPING Ph.D., D.Sc. . 21 111.-Contribntions from the Laboratory of Gonville and Caius College Cambridge. No. X.-The Interaction of Zinc and Sulphuric Acid. By M. M. PATTISON MUIR M.A. and R. H. ADIE B.A. Scholar of Trinity College Cambridge . 1V.-The Dehydration of Metallic Hydroxides by Heat with special reference to the Polymerisation of the Oxides and t o the Periodic Law. By T. CARKELLEY D.Sc. and Dr. V.-Note on a Modification of Traube’s “ Capillarimeter.” By H. S. ELSWORTHY . . 102 V1.-The Constitution of the Copper-zinc and Copper-tin Alloys. By A. P. LAURIE B.A. B.Sc. . . 104 VI1.-An Extension of Mendel6eff’s Theory of Solution to the Discussion of the Electrical Conductivity of Aqueous Solu-tions.By HOLLAND CROMPTON Student in the Chemical Department of the City and Gnilds of London Central Institution . . 116 V1II.-Note on Electrolytic Conduction and on Evidence of a Change in the Constitution of Water an Addendum t9 the foregoing Paper. By HENRY E. ARMSTWNG F.1t.S. . . 125 By WYNDHAM R. DUNSTAN Professor of Chemistry to the Pharmaceutical Society and T. S. DYMOND . . 134 X.-Contributions from the Laboratory of Gonville and Caius College Cambridge. No. X I -Bismuth Iodide and Bis-muth Fluoride. By B. S. GOTT B.A. Scholar of Gonville PERLIN Jun. Ph.D. . . . . 1 47 JAMES WALKER University College Dundee . . 59 1X.-On the Alleged Existence of a Second Nitroethane.and Caius College and M. M. PATTISON MUIR M.A. ‘ . 13 i v @O NTESTS. PAGl E XI.-Halogen substituted Derivatives of Benzalmalonic Acid. By CHARLES M. STUART M.A. Fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge . . . 140 XI1.-Action of Hydrogen Sulphide on Arsenic Acid. By BOHUSLAV BRbUNER Ph.D. F.C.S. late Berkeley Fellow of Owens College and F. T O M f h K . (Communication from the Chemical Laboratory of the Bohemian University, Prague) . . 145 XII1.-Notes from the Chemical Laboratory of the Yorkshire College. No. I. Reduction of Potassium Diclironiatc by Oxalic Acid. By C. H. BOTHAMLEY Assistant Lecturer on Chemistry in the Yorkshire College. No. 11. Estimation of Chlorates by means of the Zinc-copper Couple. By C. H. BOTHAMLEY and G. R. THOMPSON Senior Brown Scholar .. 159 XIV.-The Alloys of Copper and Antimony and of Copper and Tin. By E. J. BALL Ph.D. Assistant in Metallurgy at the Normal School of Science . . 167 XV.-On Morindon. By T. E. THORPE F.R.S. and WILLIAM J. Smm N.B. (Lond.) . . 171 XV1.-On Manganese Trioxide. By T. E. THORPE F.R.S, and F J. HAMBLY . . 175 XVI1.-Note on Chatard's Method for the Estimation of Small Quantities of Manganese. By T. E. THORPE F.R.S. and F. J. HAXHLP . . 182 XVII1.-Action of Phenylhydrazine on an Unsaturated 7-Dike-tone. 184 X1X.-Contributions from the Research Laboratory of the Owens College. The Synthetical Formation of Closed Carbon-chains. Part 111 (continued). Some Derivatives of Pentamethylene. By H. G. COLNAN B.Sc. arid W. H. PERKIN Junr.Ph.D. . . 185 XX.-The Synthetical Formation of Closed Carbon-chains. Part IV. Some Derivatives of Hexarnethylene. By PAUL XXI.-The Synthetical Formation of Closed Carbon-chains. Part V. Experiments on the Synthesis of Heptamethylene-derivatives. By PAUL C. FREER Ph.D. and W. H. PERKZN, Junr. Ph.D. . . 215 XXI1.-On the Range of Molecular Forces. By A. W. RUCKER, XXII1.-On tbe Supposed Identity of Rutin and Quercitrin. By EDWARD SCHUNCK Ph.D. P.R.S. . . 262 XX1V.-On the Composition of Japanese Bird-lime. By EDWARDIVERS M. D. F.R.S. and MICHITADB KAWAKITA, WE. F.C.S. of the Imperial University Tijky6 Japan 268 By FRANC~S R. JAPP F.R.S. and G. N. HuN'rLY C. FREER Ph.D. and W. H. PERKIN Junr. Ph.D . . 202 M.A. F.R.S. . . 22 CONTENTS. IT PAGE XXV.-Chemical InTestigation of Wackenroder’s Solution, and Explanation of the Formation of its Constituents.By Professor H. DEBUS Ph.D. F.R.S. XXV1.-Note on the Density of Cerium Sulphate Solutions. By B. BRAUNER Ph.D. F.C.S. late Fellow of Owens College . XXVI1.-A Gasornetric Method of Determining Nitrous Acid. By PERCY F FRANKLAND Ph.D. B.Sc. F.P.C. Associate Royal School of Mines . XXVII1.-The Action of some Specific Micro-organisms on Nitric Acid. By PERCY F. FRANKLAND Ph.D. B.Sc. F.I.C., Associate Royal School of Mines . XXIX.-Action of Alcohols on Ethereal Salts in Presence of Small Quantities of Sodic Alkylates. By T. PURDTE Ph.D., B.Sc. Professor of Chemistry in the University of St. Andrews and W. MARSHALL B.Sc. . XXX.-Some Interactions of Nitrogen Chlorophosphide.By WARD COULDRIDGE B.A. . XXX1.-Action of Phosphorus Pentachloride on Salicylalde-hyde. By CHARLES M. STUART M.A. Fellow of St. John’s College Cambridge . XXXI1.-Researches on Chrom-organic Acids. Part 11. Certain Chromoxalates. Red Series. By EMIL A. WKRNER Assis-tant in the Chemical Laboratory Trinity College University of Dublin . XXX1II.-The Action of Isothiocyanates on the Aldehyde-ammonias. By AIJG. E. DIXOX M.D. Assistant Lecturei-in Chemistry Trinity College University of h b l i n . XXX1V.-A New Method of Estimating Nitrites either alone or in presence of Nitrates and Chlorides. By T. CUTHBERT XXXV.-The Action of Acetone on Ammonium Salts of Fatty Acids in presence of Dehydrating Agents. By Dr. S. RUHEMANN and D. J. CARNEGIE .. . XXXV1.-Carboxyl-derivatives of Benzoquinone. By J. U. NEF . XXXVI1.-Researches on the Constitution of Azo- and Diazo-derivatives. 111. Compounds of the Naphthalene &Series. By RAPHAEL MELDOLA F.R.S. and F. J. EAST XXXVII1.-Contributions from the Laboratory of Gonville and Cnius College Cambridge. No. XII. The Action of Finely Divided Metals on Solutions of Ferric Salts and a Rapid Method for the Titration of the Latter. By DOUGLAS J. CARNEGIE B.A. Demonstrator in Chemistry Gonville and Cstius College . . DAY . . 2 78 35 7 364 3 73 391 398 402 404 411 422 424 428 460 46 vi CONTENTS. Annual General Meeting . XXX1X.-The Constitution of certain so-called " Mixed Azo-compounds." By FRANCIS R. JAPP LL.D. F.R.S.and FELIX KLINGEMANN Ph.D. XL.-The Influence of Temperature on the Composition and Solubility of Hydrated Calcium Sulphate and of Calcium Hydroxide. By W. SHEKSTONE and J. TUDOR CUNDALL . XL1.-The Action of Phenylhydrazine on Urea and some of its Derivatives. By SIDNEY SKINNER B.A. and S. RUHEMANN, Ph.D. XLI1.-Some Derivatives of Phenylmethacrylic Acid. By L. EDELRANU Ph.D. XL1II.-On the Magnetic Rotatory Power of some of the Unsaturated Bibasic Acids and their Derivatives ; also of Mesityl Oxide. XLIV. -Oxidation of Oxalic Acid by Potassium Dichromate. By EMIL A. WERNER F.I.C. Assistant in the Chemical Laboratory Trinity College University of Dublin XLV.-The Determination of the Molecular Weights of the Carbohydrates. By HORACE T. BROWN and G. HARRIS MORRIS Ph.D.. XLV1.-The Molecular Weights of Nitrogen Trioxide and Nitric Peroxide. By W. RAMSAY Ph.D. . XLVI1.-The Action of Heat on the Salts of Tetramethyl-ammonium. By A. LAWSON and NORMAN COLLIE Ph.D. F.R.S.E. . XLVII1.-Action of Heat on the Salts of Tetramethylphos-phonium. By NORMAN COLLIE Ph.D. F.R.S.E. . XL1X.-Researches on the Relation between the Molecular Structure of Carbon Compounds and their Absorption-spectra. (Part IX.) On Isomeric Cresols Dihydroxy-benzenes and Hydroxybenzoic Acids. By W. N. HARTLEY, F.R. S. Professor of Chemistry Royal College of Science, Dublin . L.-Proof of the Identity of Natural and Artificial Salicylic L1.-Researches on the Constitution of Azo- and Diazo-deriva-tives. IT. Diazoamido - compounds (continmed).By RAPHAEL MELDOLA F.R.S. and F. W. STREATFEILD F.I.C. . L1I.-The Optical and Chemical Properties of Caoutchouc. By J. H. GLADSTONE Ph.D. F.R.S.,and WALTERHIBBERT F.I.C. LII1.-On an Apparatus for Maintaining a Constant Pressure when Distilling under Reduced Pressnre. By W. K. PERKIN Ph.D. F.R.S. By W. E. PERKIN Ph.D. F.R.S. . . Acid. By W. N. HARTLEY F.R.S. . v . PAGE 474 519 544 550 558 561 602 610. 621 624 636 641 664 664 679 68 CONTENTS. 1'11 PBGE L1V.-Chlorofumaric and Chloromaleic Acids and the blagnetic Rotatory Power of some of their Derivatives. By W. H. PERKIN Ph.D. F.R.S. LV.-On a New Method for the Preparation of Mixed Tertiary Phosphines. By NORMAN COLLIE Ph.D. F.R.S.E. . LVL-The Chemical Actions of some Micro-organisms.By R. WARIWGTON . LVI1.-Some Reactions of the Halogen Acids. By G. H. BAILEY D.Sc. Ph.D. and G. J. FOWLER B.Sc. the Owens College . LVIII .-The Action of Potassium on T et ralkylammonium Iodides. . L1X.-The Vapour-density of Hydrofluoric Acid. By T. E. THORPE F.R.S. and F. J. HAMBLY. (Preliminary Notice.) LX.-Thiophosphoryl Fluoride. By T. E. THORPE F.R.S and J. W. RODGER. (Preliminary Notice.) . LX1.-The Action of Bromine on Potassium Ferricyanide. By EDGAR J. REYNOLDS Student in the Laboratory of the Normal School of Science South Kensington . LXI1.-Some Amines and Amides derived from the Nitrani-lines. By RAPHAEL MELDOLA F.R.S. and E. H. R. SALMON LXII1.-The Rotatory Power of Benzene-derivatives. By J. LEWKOWITSCH P1i.D.. LX1V.-The Solubility of Isomeric Organic Compounds and of Mixtures of Sodium and Potassium Nitrates and the Rela-tion of Solubility to Fusibility. By THOMAS CARNELLEY, D.Sc. and ANDREW THOMSON D.Sc. M.A. University Col-lege Dundee . LXV.-The Action of Chromium Oxychloride on Orthosubsti-tuted Toluenes. By CHARLES M. STUART M.A. Fellow of St. John's College Cambridge and W. J. ELLIOTT Scholar of Christ's College Cambridge . LXVI.-The Molecular Weight of Iodine in its Solutions. By MORRIS LOEB Ph.D. . LXVIL-The Use of Aniline as an Absorbent of Cyanogen in Gas Analysis. By MORRIS LOEB Ph.D. . LXVIII.-On two new Chlorides of Indium and on the Vapour-densities of the Chlorides of Indium Gallium Iron and Chromium. By L. F. NILSON and OTTO PETTERSSON . TlXTX.-On some Derivatives of Anthraquinone.By A. G. PERKIN and W. IT. PERKIN Jun. Ph.D. LXX.-Thc Influence of Silicon on the Properties of Iron and Steel. Part 11. By THONAS TURNER Assoc. R.S.M., F.I.C. Lecturer on Metallurgy Mason College Birming-ham . . . By C. 31. THOMPSON and J. TUDOR CUNDALL . . 695 7 14 727 755 761 765 766 76 7 7 74 781 782 803 805 81 2 814 83 1 84 . V l l l CONTENTS. ??AGE LXX1.-The Isonitrile of Phenylhydrazine. By S. RUHENANN, Ph,D. and W. J. ELLIOTT. . 850 LXXI1.-Researches on Silicon Compounds and their Deriva-tives. Part 111. The Action of Silicon Tetrabromide on Allgl- and Phenyl- thiocarbamides. Part IV. The Action of Ethyl Alcohol on the Compound (H,N,CS),SiBr4. By J. EMERSON REYNOLDS M.D. F.R.S. Professor of Cbemistry, University of Dublin . . 853 LXXII1.-The Heat of Dissolution of Substances in different Liquids and its Bearing on the Explanation of the Heat of Neutralisation and on the Theory of Residual Affinity. By SPENCER UMFREVILLE PICKERING M.A. Professor of Chemistry at Bedford College . . 865 LXX1V.-The Constitution of the Terpenes and of Benzene. By WILLIAM A. TILDEN D.Sc. F.R.S. . 879 LXXV.-Combustion by Means of Chromic Anhydride. By C. El. CROSS and E. J. BEVAN . . 88