A Study of the Norrish Type II Reaction in the Solid State1
作者:
JohnR. Scheffer,
James Trotter,
Nalamasu Omkaram,
StephenV. Evans,
Sara Ariel,
期刊:
Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals
(Taylor Available online 1986)
卷期:
Volume 134,
issue 1
页码: 169-196
ISSN:0026-8941
年代: 1986
DOI:10.1080/00268948608079584
出版商: Taylor & Francis Group
数据来源: Taylor
摘要:
The solid state photochemistry of six α-cycloalkyl-p-chloroacetophenone derivatives (cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, exo-2-norbornyl and 1-adamantyl) is reported. All six undergo smooth type II photochemistry in the crystalline phase. The cyclization-to-cleavage ratios and the cis-to-trans cyclobutanol ratios are tabulated for each ketone, and the results are compared with the corresponding data from the solution photolyses. In general, the solid state medium was found to exert a relatively small effect on the product ratios. The γ-hydrogen atom to carbonyl oxygen abstraction distances, as well as the angular relationships between these two atoms, were determined form the X-ray crystal structure data for each ketone. The data showed that (1) six atom abstraction geometries other than chairlike can be accommodated, (2) abstraction can occur over distances much longer than previously supposed (up to 3.10 Å), and (3) there is no strict requirement that the hydrogen undergoing abstraction be in the plane of the carbonyl oxygenn-orbital. Attempts were made to correlate the solid state structural data with the rate constants for hydrogen atom abstraction as determined in solution from Stern-Volmer quenching plots. The lack of any such correlation is interpreted as indicating a significant contribution to reaction in solution from non-minimum energy ketone conformations.
点击下载:
PDF (720KB)
返 回