This article develops a rational-choice model of the effects of social change on religious organizations, which we use to analyze the Mormon Church's response to change in women's roles. Content analysis and time-series techniques are used to estimate the Church's response to social change and the effect that this response has had upon member commitment and rates of conversion from 1950 to 1986. We find that despite initial resistance in the late 1960s and 1970s the Church has been moving to accommodate change in women's roles. Accommodation appears to increase participation among younger and less experienced members but decrease participation among older and more experienced members, suggesting that a successful church must strike a balance between accommodation and resistance to social change.