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XI.—On the composition of the ashes of the cactus

 

作者: Frederick Field,  

 

期刊: Quarterly Journal of the Chemical Society of London  (RSC Available online 1851)
卷期: Volume 3, issue 1  

页码: 57-59

 

ISSN:1743-6893

 

年代: 1851

 

DOI:10.1039/QJ8510300057

 

出版商: RSC

 

数据来源: RSC

 

摘要:

PRECIPITATION OF THE COLOURING MATTER OF SUGAR. 57 XI.-On the Composition of the Ashes of the Cactus. By FREDERICK FIELD,ESQ The great abundance of various species of Cacti upon all the hilIs and mountains of Chili even upon the most barren spots and in the most arid seasons led me to investigate the inorganic constituents of this tribe of plants more especially as in England and most parts of Europe the Cactus is only known in the conservatories of a few individuals. Several branches from a plant more than 16 feet in height were carefully cut from the parent stem and after having been redivided were exposed to the temperature of 212O FaEr. for the space of fourteen days. 185*00grs. lost 157.42 leaving 27.58 solid matter which numbers correspond to Water .. 85.09 Solid matter . . 14.91 1oo*oo 29.80 grs. of this solid matter incinerated with every precaution in a platinum crucible gave 5.00 grs. of ash equal to 16-79per cent. 185.00 grs. of recently cut branches (with the thorns or spines attached) gave on incineration 2.50 grs. of ash corresponding to 1.35 grs per cent. In the following analyses the soluble and insoluble portions were examined separately the proportions for the sake of perspicuity being reduced to percentage numbers. 58 MR. FIELD ON THE Determination of matter soluble in water I. 100 grs. gave . . 57.010 11. 100 ,) , . 57.300 Mean 57.155 The composition of this soluble matter is as follows in 100 parts Sulphuric acid . . 6-232 Chloride of sodium .18.767 Potash . 9.873 Soda . . 35-585 Phosphoric acid . . 2.265 Carbonic acid . 26.0416 913.768 Loss in analysis . . 1.232 100*000 Determination of matter insoluble in water I. 100 grains gave . . 42.842 11. 100 ) ) . 42,620 -Mean 42-730 The composition of this insoluble matter in 100 parts Sand and charcoal . . 2.300 Silicic acid . . 27-830 Carbonic acid Sulphuric acid . . . . . 25.562 1.952 Phosphoric acid . . . 7.806 Phosphate of iron . . 2.338 Lime. . 17925 Magnesia . . 13.162 Oxide of manganese . . 0.558 Loss . . 0.567 100*000 Upon adding the soluble and insoluble portions together and calculating the general composition of the ash we find in every 100 parts ASHES OF THE CACTUS.59 SOLUBLEPORTION Sulphuric acid . . 3.561 Chloride of sodium . . . 10.726 Potash . 5.642 Soda . . . 20.338 Phosphoric acid . . . 1.294 Carbonic acid . . 14.836 INSOLUBLEPORTION Sand and charcoal . 0.982 Silicic acid . * 114391 Sulphuric acid . Phosphoric acid . . 0.834 . 3.325 Carbonic acid . 10.927 Phosphate of iron Lime. . . . . . . 0.999 7.659 Magnesia . . 5.624 Oxide of manganese Loss in analysis . . . 0.238 1*124 100~000 As the carbonic acid is doubtless derived from the decomposition of organic acids and the sand and charcoal may be regarded as accidental and of no value in the analysis they may be deducted we then have the following numbers Sulphuric acid . Chloride of sodium Potash . Soda . . . Phosphoric acid . Silicic acid Phosphate of iron Lime. Magnesia . Oxide of manganese 6.094 14.869 7.832 28.196 6.404 16.486 1*384 10.649 . 7.747 . 0.339 100~000 From this it appears that the cactus belongs to the first class that is to say to that iu which the carbonates of the alkalis and alkaline earths predominate.

 

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