AbstractThe interstitial tissue of the testis of the nine‐banded armadillo is composed of blood vessels, clusters of Leydig cells, the usual connective tissue elements, and a network of lymphatic sinusoids. The endothelial walls of the sinusoids are separated from the peritubular contractile cell layer surrounding the seminiferous tubules by a thin layer of collagen. The peritubular contractile cell is characterized by filaments and dense bodies within the cytoplasm, whereas the endothelial cells lack these structures. Within each cluster, several Leydig cells surround one or more blood vessels. Adjacent Leydig cells are joined by 2‐ to 3‐nm wide gap junctions and desmosome‐like specializations. The Leydig cell is polygonal in shape with an ovoid nucleus. The cell is characterized by an abundance of smooth endoplasmic reticulum which appears as sheets of membranes, concentric whorls around vacuoles, and a random tubular network. Only a few short cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum are observed. Centrioles are closely associated with the Golgi apparatus. Rod‐like mitochondria with tubular cristae are scattered throughout the cytoplasm. In addition, the cells contain vacuoles resulting from lipid extraction, filaments, microtubules, and glycogen. The surfaces of the cell exposed to the intercellular spaces exhibit numerous pinocytotic vesicles and cell processes which indicate active movement of material across the plasma membrane. In comparison to other mammalian species, the ultrastructural organization of the interstitium and the fine structure of the Leydig cell of the armadillo resemble those of the g