首页   按字顺浏览 期刊浏览 卷期浏览 A multidisciplinary approach to toxicological screening: IV. Comparison of results
A multidisciplinary approach to toxicological screening: IV. Comparison of results

 

作者: R. C. MacPhail,   E. Berman,   J. A. Elder,   R. J. Kavlock,   V. C. Moser,   M. G. Narotsky,   M. Schlicht,  

 

期刊: Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health  (Taylor Available online 1995)
卷期: Volume 45, issue 2  

页码: 211-220

 

ISSN:0098-4108

 

年代: 1995

 

DOI:10.1080/15287399509531989

 

出版商: Taylor & Francis Group

 

数据来源: Taylor

 

摘要:

Toxicity data collected under standardized test conditions may be of the utmost importance in health risk assessment, in which human exposure limits are often derived from laboratory experiments. A standardized approach to data collection is also important for evaluating the sensitivity and specificity of test methods used to determine toxic potential. Several experiments were undertaken to determine the effects of chemical exposures using a multidisciplinary screening battery, which included tests for systemic, neurological and developmental toxicity. The effects of 1‐ and 14‐d exposures to 10 chemicals on systemic and neurological indices of toxicity were determined in female F344 rats using standardized test batteries. Parallel experiments determined chemical effects on prenatal and postnatal development following exposure of the dams for 14 d. The chemicals included four pesticides (carbaryl, triadimefon, chlordane, and heptachlor), four solvents (trichloroethyl‐ene, tetrachloroethylene, carbon tetrachloride, and dichloromethane), and two industrial compounds (phenol and diethylhexyl phthalate). The results showed that the chemicals produced markedly different qualitative patterns of effect on systemic, neurological, and developmental indices of toxicity. Differences in the pattern of systemic and neurological effects were also obtained that depended on dosing duration. Quantitative analyses indicated that the highest ineffective dose as well as the lowest effective dose could vary by as much as two orders of magnitude across the different indices of toxicity. These results clearly show that a test battery focused on a single endpoint of toxicity cannot be used to accurately predict either qualitatively or quantitatively a chemical's systemic, neurological, and developmental toxicity profile.

 

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