There is growing awareness both among practitioners and patients that gynecologists/obstetricians are assuming more and more diverse responsibilities. Given the broad range of concerns women bring to gynecologists/obstetricians, this study investigates background assumptions among Chicago doctors which might influence the advice they give. Doctors' views about change in their relationships with patients, the effects of maternal employment, and the comparability of male and female adult social roles are explored. Although most still hold traditional views about women's role changes and capabilities, the views of a sizable minority reflect more liberal perceptions. Correlates of viewing change positively and negatively in relationships with patients are also analyzed.