Twenty years of change in the environmental movement: An insider's view
作者:
Michael McCloskey,
期刊:
Society & Natural Resources
(Taylor Available online 1991)
卷期:
Volume 4,
issue 3
页码: 273-284
ISSN:0894-1920
年代: 1991
DOI:10.1080/08941929109380760
出版商: Taylor & Francis Group
关键词: Environmental ideology;environmental movement;environmental strategies;environmental tactics;management of environmental organizations;splits in environmental movement
数据来源: Taylor
摘要:
In examining changes in the U.S. environmental movement since it emerged 20 years ago, I conclude that the movement has now split into three camps: a radical segment, a mainstream segment, and a segment anxious to seek accommodations with industry. These camps are distinguished by their goals, their attitudes toward government and industry, and the means they use. Other changes have also become clear: weakness in mobilizing for issues other than nature protection, a decline in campaigning capabilities, a lack of articulated vision, and difficulty in getting environmental statutes implemented. Growth in membership and range of activities, as well as public support, have masked these problems. Mainstream groups are confronted with criticism that they can no longer produce real improvements in environmental quality through governmental action. A way to ease the tensions between the camps is suggested, that is, by having the mainstream groups borrow suggestions from the other two camps and focus energies on green consumerism as a way to shift emphasis to a more productive arena, that of directly influencing corporate behavior.
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