Pharmacokinetics of Intravenous Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole during Hemodialysis
作者:
Allen R. Nissenson,
Carl Wilson,
Alice Holazo,
期刊:
American Journal of Nephrology
(Karger Available online 1987)
卷期:
Volume 7,
issue 4
页码: 270-274
ISSN:0250-8095
年代: 1987
DOI:10.1159/000167484
出版商: S. Karger AG
关键词: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole;Hemodialysis;Pharmacokinetics;Transplantation;Dialysis
数据来源: Karger
摘要:
The pharmacokinetics of intravenous trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) were studied in patients receiving hemodialysis. 16 stable end-stage renal disease patients received a single ampul of TMP-SMZ (160 mg TMP, 800 mg SMZ) with 250 ml 5% dextrose and water over 45 min just prior to beginning hemodialysis. All patients were dialyzed for 4 h with a 1.0 m2 cuprophane hollow-fiber dialyzer at a blood flow of 200 ml/min. Mean arterial TMP concentration peaked at 1.93 μg/ml following infusion and fell to 1.03 μg/ml by the end of dialysis (p < 0.001). Mean arterial SMZ concentration peaked at 41.8 μg/ml at the end of the infusion and fell to 16.4 μg/ml by the end of dialysis (p < 0.005). The extraction ratio averaged 19% for TMP and 21 % for SMZ. The elimination half-life during dialysis for TMP was 6.0 h and for SMZ was 3.1 h. Dialysis clearance averaged 38 ml/min for TMP and 42 ml/min for SMZ. 44% of the administered TMP and 57% of the administered SMZ were removed during dialysis. Therefore, 50% of the maintenance dose of TMP-SMZ should be supplemented after each dialysis sess
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