The Problem Recognition Questionnaire (PRQ), a 24-item measure of adolescent motivation for drug use change and readiness for treatment, was examined with respect to its reliability, factor structure, and predictive validity. The PRQ was administered at intake to 234 adolescents admitted for residential or nonresidential chemical dependency treatment. The PRQ showed a high level of internal consistency (alpha = .91). Three factors were derived and interpreted as representative of the stages of change proposed by Prochaska, DiClemete, and Norcross (1992). Outcome was measured at discharge and 6-month follow-up. High scores on the PRQ (representing a higher level of motivation/readiness) were predictive of some posttreament variables (change in drug use and abstinence), but not the discharge variables. These results indicate that the PRQ has acceptable reliability and some potential as a prognostic indicator for adolescent drug abuse treatment outcome.