ABSTRACTFusariumspecies in sectionsRoseum, Arthrosporiella, Gibbosum, andDiscolorwere common in grassland, pasture, and pine nursery soils of eastern Australia. The grasslands consisted of grazing lands,i.e., communities of native plants that were grazed or browsed, and pastures,i.e., communities consisting predominantly of introduced species whether sown or volunteer. In this study, eastern Australia was divided into three zones showing climatic changes from north to south. The northern zone represented a tropical area, the middle zone represented a tropical to subtropical area and the southern zone represented a temperate area.Fusarium acuminatum, F. avenaceum, F. compactum, F. crookwellense, F. culmorum, F. equiseti, F. graminearum, F. graminum, F. heterosporum, F. longipes, F. reticulatum, F. sambucinum, F. scirpi, F. semitectumand an unidentified population were recovered.