Everyone's Magnetism

 

作者: Andrey Geim,  

 

期刊: Physics Today  (AIP Available online 1998)
卷期: Volume 51, issue 9  

页码: 36-39

 

ISSN:0031-9228

 

年代: 1998

 

DOI:10.1063/1.882437

 

出版商: AIP

 

数据来源: AIP

 

摘要:

If you were to tell a child playing with a horseshoe magnet and pieces of iron that his uncle has a much bigger magnet that can lift everything and everybody, the child would probably believe you and might even ask for a ride on the magnet. If a physicist were present at such a conversation, he or she—armed with knowledge and experience—would probably smile condescendingly. The physicist would know well that only a very few materials—such as iron or nickel—are strongly magnetic, while the rest of the world's materials are not; to be precise, the rest of the world is a billion(109)times less magnetic. This number seems obviously too large to allow common substances (water, for example) to be lifted even by the most powerful magnets; a billionfold increase in magnetic fields can be found only on neutron stars. In this case, however, knowledge and experience would mislead the physicist: In fact, all materials can be lifted by using magnetic fields that are rather standard these days. In principle, even a child can be levitated by a magnet, as we shall see below.

 

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