This material was developed in Scotland for the Standard Grade Technological Studies course. The Scottish system differs in many aspects from the National Curriculum being developed in England and Wales. The ideas outlined here are particularly relevant to the National Curriculum, and teachers will be able to develop them in context. For example in the Attainment Target, Developing and communicating ideas, the Programme of Study for Key Stage 4 states that pupils should be taught to analyse alternative solutions to produce a better design proposal.