FARADAY SPECIAL DISCUSSIONS OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY NO. 2 1972 Solid/Solid Interfaces THE FARADAY DIVISION CHEMICAL SOCIETY LONDONFARADAY SPECIAL DISCUSSIONS OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY NO. 2 1972 Solid/Solid Interfaces THE FARADAY DIVISION CHEMICAL SOCIETY LONDONA SPECIAL DISCUSSION ON Solid/ Soli d Interfaces 18th, 19th and 20th September 1972 A SPECIAL DISCUSSION on Solid/Solid Interfaces was held at the University of Nottingham on the 18th, 19th and 20th September, 1972. It was the second in the series of Special Discussions on physico-chemical topics of particular significance in industrial and technological research, the first being that on Thin Liquid Films and Boundary Layers (September, 1970, at Cambridge University). The Chairman at the opening session was the President of the Faraday Division, Professor J.W. Linnett, F.R.S. who welcomed 112 Fellows and others. Among the visitors from overseas were: Dr. F. Jost, W. Germany, Mr. J. F. Mandell, U.S.A., Prof. 0. Ishai, Israel, Prof. R. Sh. Mikhail, Egypt, Dr. T. Murayama, U.S.A., Dr. R. J. Nash, U.S.A., Dr. R. N. Williams, U.S.A.0 The Chemical Society and Contributors 1973 Printed in Great Britain at the University Press, AberdeenCONTENTS Page 7 18 26 38 46 56 63 77 90 109 117 123 127 137 144 FRICTION AND ADHESION Surface Forces in Friction and Adhesion by B. J. Briscoe and D. Tabor Adhesion of Metals to Polymers by C. Weaver A Theoretical Explanation of the Lowering of Frictional Forces with Layer Height of Long Chain Polar Lubricants by M. J. Sutcliffe and A.Cameron Strength and Failure Patterns of Metal-Metal Adhesives by K. W. Allen, H. S. Alsalim and W. C. Wake Nature of the Deformation and Flow of Metals at and Near the Interface During Abrasion, and its Relation to the Friction by D. S . Lin and H. Wilman GENERAL DIscussxoN.-Dr. H. Wilman, Dr. B. J. Briscoe, Dr. D. Tabor, Prof. M. W. Roberts, Dr. R. G. Linford, Dr. J. R. Young, Prof. D. D. Eley, Prof. W. C. Wake COMPOSITE MATERIALS I Fibre Reinforced Composite Materials. by B. A. Proctor Static and Fatigue Failure of Glass Fibre Reinforced Polyester Resins under Complex Stress Conditions by M. J. Owen and M. S. Found Fracture Toughness Studies of Fibre Reinforced Plastic Laminates by F. J. McGarry and J. F. Mandell Transverse Crack Propagation in Fibre Reinforced Composites by J.G. Morley Some Problems of Design in Fibre Reinforced Materials by W. D. Biggs GENERAL DIscussIoN.-Prof. R. Sh. Mikhail, Dr. B. A. Proctor, Prof. W. C. Wake, Prof. D. D. Eley, Dr. M. J. Owen, Mr. P. T. Bishop An Introductory Review COMPOSITE MATERIALS I1 Morphology and Mechanical Properties of a Rubber Reinforced Composite by G. Allen, D. J. Blundell, M. J. Bowden, F. G. Hutchinson and G. M. Jeffs Interface Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Unidirectional Fibre Reinforced Nylon 6 by T. Bessell, D. Hull and J. B. Shortall Some Interfacial Problems in Metal Matrix- Carbon Fibre Composites by S. V. Barnett, S. J. Harris and J. V. Weaver 159 * Effect of Surface Treatment on the Interfacial Bond Strength in Glass Fibre- Polyester Resin Systems by J.B. Shortall and H. W. C. Yip 165 Reinforcement of Thermoplastics using Carbon Fibres by W. H. Bowyer and M. G. Bader 174 GENERAL DIscussroN.-Prof. W. C. Wake, Prof. M. W. Roberts, Dr. R. G. Linford, Dr. S . J. Harris, Prof. R. Sh. Mikhail, Mr. R. Leveson 56 CONTENTS 177 185 194 198 210 222 228 ELECTRODEPOSITED AND OTHER COATINGS SolidlSolid Interfaces-Electrodeposited and Dynamic Coatings by J. P. G. Farr and G. W. Rowe Epitaxy on Nickel Electrodeposits on a Copper (1 10) Face, from a Sulphamate Bath, in Relation to Rate of Deposition, Deposit Thickness, Degree of Stirring, and Bath Temperature by S. K. Verma and H. Wilman Interface Crystallography of Ion Group Metals and Alloys Electrodeposited on Copper by J. M. O’Sullivan and D. P. Oxley Mechanism of Formation and Some Surface Characteristics of Thin Polymer Films Formed on Metal Surfaces by Electron Bombardment by S. Frost, W. J. Murphy, M. W. Roberts, J. R. H. Ross and J. H. Wood Mechanical Degradation of Thin Polystyrene Films by Robert J. Nash and Darryl M. Jacobs GENERAL Drscuss1oN.-Dr. H. Wilman, Dr. J. P. G. Farr, Prof. M. W. Roberts, Dr. J. M. O’Sullivan, Prof. W. C. Wake, Prof. R. Sh. Mikhail AUTHOR INDEX