AbstractWhen it is desired to test the merits of the two rival methods of triangulation adjustment—by directions and by angles—the first impulse is to assume a set of true positions of fixed and new points, compute azimuths between them, add arbitrary errors to true directions to make them“observed”directions, and find out how both methods have handled the problem. The evaluation of the two methods may then be made from the comparison of true errors with their respective corrections. Likewise, we can compare true positions of new points with final positions obtained from adjustments.