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New Liquid Scintillators with Faster Response and Higher Efficiency

 

作者: FrankJ. Lynch,  

 

期刊: Molecular Crystals  (Taylor Available online 1968)
卷期: Volume 4, issue 1-4  

页码: 293-301

 

ISSN:0369-1152

 

年代: 1968

 

DOI:10.1080/15421406808082919

 

出版商: Taylor & Francis Group

 

数据来源: Taylor

 

摘要:

The variation of light intensity with the time following excitation by gamma rays has been measured for a quaterphenyl compound whose solubility was enhanced by substitution of alkyl groups. The decay curves, measured by use of a probability-sampling technique, were analyzed to yield preliminary estimates of the time constants τ1 related to energy transfer from solvent to solute, τ2 related to the rapidly decaying component from the singlet state, and τ3 related to the slower component which is probably due to excimers. A solution (∼65 g/liter, γ = 1.12 × of 11, 44-bis(2-butyloctyloxy)-p-quaterphen (QP-G12) in toluene shows τ1∼ 0.05 nsec, τ2 ∼ 1.4 nsec, and τ3 ∼ 11.4 nsec. The intensity of the slow component (mean life τ3) is about 20% of that of the fast component (mean life τ2). This is about a third of the slow/fast ratio measured for 2,5-diphenyloxazone (PPO) in toluene at the same mole fraction. This indicates that QP-GI2 does not form excimers as readily as PPO does. For bothsolutes, measurement shows that τ1, varies about as the reciprocal of the concentration, as expected. For the same mole fractions, moreover, the fact that the value of τ1 for QP-G12 is only about half that for PPO indicates that the rate of transfer from solvent molecule to solute is higher for QP-G12 than for PPO. The QP-G12 has a higher light output and shorter τ1 and τ2 than the plastic Naton 136 which is commonly used for delayed-coincidence measurements. Preliminary attempts to exploit this advantage led to improved time resolution; for 511-keV gamma-rays, the full width at half maximum was about 0.25 nsec and the slope of the decay curve was τ1/2∼ 0.037 nsec.

 

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