ObjectiveTo identify predictive factors for success or failure of perineoplasty for severe vulvar vestibulitis.MethodsSeventy-nine women with severe vulvar vestibulitis underwent perineoplasty by a single surgeon during 1992–1994. Sixty (76%) who experienced a complete response were compared with 19 (24%) who had an incomplete response. Using univariate and then multivariate (logistic regression) analysis, the two groups were compared with regard to preoperative demographic, social, and medical variables, as well as physical findings in the vestibule.ResultsThe complete- and incomplete-response groups were similar in all comparisons except for constant vulvar pain of vestibular origin (in addition to dyspareunia) and the presence of symptoms since first coitus. On multiple logistic regression, these characteristics had odds ratios (and 95% confidence intervals) of 4.97 (1.49, 16.63) and 5.83 (1.74, 19.55), respectively.ConclusionAn incomplete response to perineoplasty may be anticipated in women with vulvar vestibulitis associated with dyspareunia since their first episode of inter-course and in those with associated persistent vulvar pain. Treatment approaches other than surgery should be considered for such patients.