Biomass quantification techniques are widely used in research on aquatic vegetation, but less often applied to monitor aquatic vegetation or assess specific control techniques. The application of these techniques to both assessing nuisance problems, and evaluating control tactics is discussed using case histories. The proper methods for developing a sampling regime, locating sample points, collecting samples, and analyzing data are reviewed. Critical factors such as quadrat size and sample frequency and number are discussed in depth. The purpose of biomass sampling programs within the context of management plans is to tailor the level of effort to the scale of the management effort, and to appropriately assess or predict effects of the management tactics utilized.