Cylindrocladium clavatumcauses damping‐off and root rot of Eucalyptus whileC. scopariumalso produces serious leaf spot and leaf blight in addition to root rot. This paper reports results of comparing the damping‐off ability of the two fungi. Forty‐one provenances belonging to 17Eucalyptusspp. and oneMelaleucasp. were screened in growth chambers for resistance to damping‐off byC. clavatumorC. scoparium.Provenances ofE. torellianaE.citridodora, E. degluptaandE. maculatawere resistant to bothCylindrocladiumspp. Six provenances of five species (E.robusta, E. resinifera, E. urophylla, E. citriodoraandE. grandis)were resistant only toC. scoparium.Eleven other provenances belonging to eight species (E.grandis, E. pellita, E. urophylla, E. pilularis, E. pellita, E. camaldulensis, E. pellita, E. resinifera, E. grandisand E. maculata) were moderately resistant toC. clavatumbut only eight provenances belonging to six species (E.deanei, E. grandis, E. pellita, E. saligna, E. urophyllaand E.pilularis)were moderately resistant toC. scoparium. C. clavatumwas more aggressive thanC. scopariumtowards mostEucalyptusspp. besides having a wider host range thanC. scopariumamongEucalyptusspp.Melaleucasp. was susceptible to both fungi.