We present the reports of 2 patients who underwent radical operation for synchronous primary cancers of the pancreas and stomach. The 1 st case underwent a total pancreatectomy and a distal gastrectomy with vascular reconstruction, and survived for 23 months. The second case underwent a radical pancreatoduodenectomy with a total gastrectomy. He died in the 11th postoperative month. The gastric lesions in these patients were diagnosed correctly before surgery by repeated endoscopic biopsies. The pancreatic lesions were also diagnosed correctly before operation. Only 9 cases were reported, in whom primary cancers of the pancreas and stomach were resected at the same operation. We reviewed these 11 cases including our cases from the standpoint of clinical statistics, pathological findings, preoperative diagnosis and prognosis.