In briefPhysical activity has both preventive and therapeutic benefits for the frail elderly, and the ultimate goal is improved quality of life. The greatest impact on functional capacity comes from physiologic changes that affect mobility. Walking programs and flexibility and strength training can prevent muscle weakness and impaired gait and balance, which are risk factors for falls in the elderly. In addition, changes in functional capacity can result in greater independence in daily living. Physical activity also provides therapeutic benefits for patients who have arthritis or dementia.