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(Varian OSI 201 Hansen Ct. Wood Dale IL 60191 USA). 94/C1947. Sneddon J. Farah K. S. Multi-element graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. (Dept. Chem. McNeese State Univ. Lake Charles LA 70609 USA). 94/C1948. Dulude G. R. Pfeil D. Schleicher B. Background correction techniques in GFAAS.(Thermo Jarrell Ash Corp. 8E Forge Pky. Franklin MA 02038 USA). 94/C1949. Lonardo R. F. Yuzefovsky A. I. Michel R. G. Laser excited fluorescence spectrometry in a pressure con- trolled graphite furnace atomizer from a theory to the analysis of real samples. (Dept. Chem. Univ. Connecticut U-60 215 Glenbrook Rd. Storrs CT 06269 USA). 94/C1950. Butcher D. J. Determination of halides by molecular absorption spectrometry with Smith-Hieftje back- ground correction. (Dept. Chem. Western Carolina Univ. Cullowhee NC 28723 USA). 94/C1951. Bai W.-m. Study on the PGC-AAS and the chemical species analysis of trace tin. (Dept. Chem. Tsinghua Univ. Beijing China). 94/C1952. Amirav A. Tzanany N. Combined pulsed flame photometric ionization detector. (Sch.Chem. Tel Aviv Univ. Tel Aviv 69978 Israel). 94/C1953. Scheppers S. A. M. Robinson J. Advanced application of the pulsed flame photometric detector. (Varian Chromatography Systems 2700 Mitchell Dr. Walny Creek CA 94598 USA). 94/C1954.Zhang L.-m. Koncar G. J. Chao S. S. Study of organoarsine in natural gas with GC-AED. (Inst. Gas Technol. 3424 S. State St. Chicago IL 60616 USA). 94/C1955. Wentworth W. E. Cai H.-m. Batten C. Stearns S. D. Pulsed discharge photoionization detector (PDP1D)-windowless with excitation wavelength < 120 nm. (Sandford Mendonca Chem. Dept. Univ. Houston Houston TX 77204-5641 USA). 94/C1956. Butler J. Anderson R. Tandem photoionization and Hall electrolytic conductivity detector for purge and trap. (Tremetrics Inc. Austin Texas USA). 94/C1957.Wentworth W. E. Cai H.-m. Batten C. Stearns S. D. Pulsed discharge helium ionization detector (PDH1D)-universal response applicable to microbore GC. (Chem. Dept. Univ. Houston Houston TX 94/C1958. Brown P. Clark J. Tye C. T. Hutton R. C. Tailoring ICP-MS to the application. (Fisons Instruments Elemental Analysis Ion Path Road Three Winsford Cheshire UK CW7 3BX). 94/C1959. Anthony L. J. Applications of GC-AED in electronics R&D and manufacturing. (AT&T Bell Labs. Phys. Sci. and Eng. 600 Mountain Ave. Murray Hill NJ 07974 USA). 94/C1960. Reiner G. A. Higgins D. A. Wehman R. W. Comparison of performance characteristics between the atomic emission detector and various element-specific detectors for single element-specific detection in gas chromatography. (Exxon Research & Engineering Clinton Twsp Route 22 E P.O.Box 998 Annandale NJ 08801 USA). 06859-0219 USA). 77204-2709 USA). 94/C 196 1. 94/C 1962. 94/C 1963 94/C 1964 94/C 1965. 94/C 1966. 94/C1967. 94/C1968. 94/C 1969. 94/C 1970. 94/C 197 1. 94/C1972. 94/C 1 973. 94/C 1974. Ramus T. L. Quantitation techniques and standards characterization for chromatography. (Dow Chemical P.O. Box 1398 Pittsburg CA 94565 USA). Sullivan J. J. Quimby B. D. Stable isotope labelling a new AED tool for analytical problems. (Hewlett- Packard 2850 Centerville Rd. Wilmington DE 19808 USA). Albro T. G. Determination of Lewisite and its breakdown products in soil and water by gas chroma- tography with atomic emission detection. (EAI Corp. 1308 Continental Dr.Suite J Abingdon MD 21009 USA). Liu Y. Lopez-Avila V. Alcaraz M. Beckert W. F. Determination of organotin and organolead compounds in environmental solid samples by off-line supercritical fluid extraction and capillary gas chromatography with atomic emission detection. (Midwest Res. Inst. California Operations 625-B Clyde Ave. Mountain View CA 94043 USA). Behlke M. K. Uden P. C. Wise S. A. Schantz M. M. Organomercury speciation in marine reference materials by gas chromatography-atomic emission detection. (Dept. Chem. GRC Towers Univ. Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003 USA). Thomas C. L. Goode S. R. Determination of oxygen- containing additives in gasoline by GC-AED. (Dept. Chem. and Biochem. Univ. South Carolina Columbia SC 29208 USA). Uden P. C. Milestones in atomic emission detection for chromatography. (Dept.Chem. Lederle Grad Res. Tower A Univ. Massachusetts Box 34510 Amherst Nygaard D. D. Almeida M. Bulman F. Maintaining ICP spectrometer compliance with EPA regulations. (Baird Corp. 125 Middlesex Turnpike Bedford MA 01730 USA). Le Blanc E. M. Heilveil A. L. Alloy sorting with X-ray fluorescence using a pattern recognition method. (ASOMA Instruments 11675 Jollyville Rd Austin TX 78759 USA). Smith T. Towards a universal metals identifier-a compact CCD array spectrometer. (Arun Technology Southwater Horsham West Sussex UK RH13 7UD). Pelz B. A. Carnahan J. W. Development of an acousto-optic spectral manipulator for background correction. (Dept. Chem. Northern Illinois Univ. DeKalb Illinois 601 15 USA). Fulton G. 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Critical evaluation of the performance of echelle CTD systems for routine ICP spectrochemical analysis. (Dept. Chem. Indiana Univ. Bloomington IN 47405 USA).194R JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY JUNE 1994 VOL. 9 94/C1977. Pilon M. J. Moran P. M. Schleicher R. G. Carbone J. Hutton J. Charge injection device array detectors for atomic emission spectroscopy. (Thermo Jarrell Ash Corp. 8E Forge Pky. Franklin MA 02038 USA). 94/C1978. Karanassios V. Bateman K. Spiers G. Correlation- based signal processing in ICP-AES with photodiode array detection and pneumatic nebulization sample introduction.(Dept. Chem. Univ. Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada N2L 3G1). 94/C1979. Thomas C. L. Goode S. R. Factors influencing the determination of oxygen in the GC-MIP. (Dept. Chem. and Biochem. Univ. South Carolina Columbia SC 29208 USA). 94/C1980. Coker W. L. 111 Boss C. B. Direct solid sampling by microwave plasmas. (North Carolina State Univ. Dept. Chem. Box 8204 Raleigh NC 27695-8204 USA). 94/C1981.Brandl P. G. Carnahan J. W. Examination of the charge transfer process in analytical helium plasmas. (Dept. Chem. Northern Illinois Univ. DeKalb IL 60115 USA). 94/C1982. Cai M.-X. Zhang H. Montaser A. Imaging studies of new helium ICP discharges. (Dept. Chem. George Washington Univ. Washington DC 20052 USA). 94/C1983. Pack B. W. Hieftje G. M. Evaluation of an ICP- modulated MIP tandem source for atomic emission spectroscopy. (Dept.Chem. Indiana Univ. Bloomington Indiana 47405 USA). 94/C 1984. Schroeder S. Horlick G. Liquid sample analysis by hollow cathode emission spectrometry. (Dept. Chem. Univ. Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada T6G 2G2). 94/C1985. Madabushl J. Stearns S. D. Cal H.-m. Wentworth W. E. Pulsed discharge emission detector (PDED) for elemental analysis. (Valco Instruments P.O. Box 55603 Houston TX 77255 USA). 94/C1986. Shofran S. P. Boss C. B. Lawless P. A. Ramsey G. H. Molecular dissociation processes in a corona discharge. (Dept. Chem. North Carolina State Univ. Raleigh NC 27695-8204 USA). 94/C1987. Olson L. K. Wang J.-S. Caruso J. A. Sheppard B. S. Chromatographic detection using mixed-gas inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.(Dept. Chem. ML 172 Univ. Cincinnati Cincinnati OH 94/C1988. Hunter K. L. Stresau R. W. Active film multipliers their application in ICP mass spectrometry. (EPT Scientific 7 Midstate Dr. Auburn MA 01501-1866 USA). 94/C1989. Rosamilia J. M. Direct analysis of TEOS vapour by inductively coupled plasma high resolution mass spec- trometry. (AT&T Bell Laboratories 600 Mountain Ave. Murray Hill NJ 07974 USA). 94/C1990. Bi C.-L. Giglio J. J. Wang J.-S. Caruso J. A Direct analysis of solid sample by slurry nebulization inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). (Univ. Cincinnati Dept. Chem. Cincinnati 94/C1991. Escobar M. P. Smith B. W. Winefordner J. D. Determination of wear metals in lubricating oils by electrothermal vaporization inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.(Univ. Florida Dept. Chem. Gainesville FL 3261 1 USA). 94/C1992. Kawabata K. Buffington B. Muramoto S. Selection criteria for ICP-MS sample introduction systems. (Yokogawa Analytical Systems Nissei Musashino Bld. 1-16-10 Nakacho Musashino-shi Tokyo 180 Japan). 94/C1993. Bakowska E. Kishi Y. Environmental sample analysis by ICP-MS-a real life study. (Hewlett-Packard 2850 Centerville Rd. Wilmington DE 19808 USA). 45221-0172 USA). OH 45221-0172 USA). 94/C1994. Nam S.-H. Iacone L. Montaser A Mass spec- trometry of helium ICP discharges with fixed-frequency and free-running generators. (Dept. Chem. George Washington Univ. Washington DC 20052 USA). 94/C1995. Duan Y.-X. Li G.-Q. Wu M. Jin Q.-H. Hieftje G. M. Novel microwave source for elemental mass spectrometry performance and prospectives.(Dept. Chem. Indiana Univ. Bloomington IN 47405 USA). 94/C1996. Myers D. P. Li G. Yang P. Mahoney P. P. Hieftje G. M. Evaluation of two ion optic configurations for an orthogonal inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometer. (Dept. Chem. Indiana Univ. Bloomington IN 47405 USA). 94/C1997. Hosokawa Y. Kashihara K. Setou G. Sumito O. Kawahara H. Nakazawa H. Shimomura S. Scanning X-ray analytical microscope for high precision ele- ment analysis. (HORIBA Miyanohigashi Kisshoin Minami-ku Kyoto 601 Japan). 94/C1998. Turner I. L. Anderson S. E. Plantz M. R. Shkolnik J. Optimizing the plasma r.f. system on a new ICP-MS instrument. (Varian Australia 679 Springvale Rd. Mulgrave Victoria 3170 Australia). 94/C1999.Anderson S. E. Plantz M. R. Shkolnik J. Optimization of the plasma parameters of an ICP-MS instrument. (Varian Australia 679 Springvale Rd. Mulgrave Victoria 3170 Australia). 94/C2000. Moller G. On the path to Xanadu ruggedness testing of an advanced design ICP-MS. (Anal. Sci. Lab. Holm Res. Centre Univ. Idaho Moscow ID 83844-2203 USA). 94/C2001. Hu K. Kunselman G. Foster R. Karpova S. Sotera J. J. Strategies of operating plasma optical emission mass spectrometer. (Thermo Jarrell Ash Corp. 8E Forge Pkwy Franklin MA 02038 USA). 94/C2002. Turner I. L. Anderson S. E. Plantz M. R. Shkolnik J. Design criteria of a high efficiency plasma r.f. system for ICP-MS. (Varian Australia 679 Springvale Rd. Mulgrave Victoria 3170 Australia). 94/C2003.Anderson S. Plantz M. Shkolnik J. Continuum background in ICP-MS. (Varian Australia 679 Springvale Rd. Mulgrave Victoria 3 170 Australia). 94/C2004. Falk H. Geerling R. Schmidt K.-P. ICP-MS instru- mental parameters for dry aerosols ICP-MS sample introduction optimization. (SPECTRO Analytical Instruments Boschstr. 10 47533 Kleve Germany). 94/C2005. Duan Y.-X. Jin Q.-H. Hieftje G. M. Matrix effect studies in microwave plasma torch mass spectrometry. (Dept. Chem. Indiana Univ. Bloomington IN 47405 USA). 94/C2006. Potter D. Sakata K. Matsuda T. New dimensions in ICP-MS. (Hewlett-Packard 2850 Centerville Rd. Wilmington DE 19808 USA). 94/C2007. Dziewatkoski M. P. Olesik J. W. Investigation of matrix effects and oxide formation in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.(Lab. Plasma Spectrochem Laser Spectrosc. and Mass Spectrom. Dept. Geol. Sci. Ohio State Univ. 1090 Carmack Rd. Columbus OH 43210 USA). 94/C2008. Hieftje G. M. Bye C. A. Wright L. J. Array- detector-echelle direct reader the whole spectrum. (Indiana Univ. Dept. Chem. Bloomington IN 47405 USA). 94/C2009. Mermet J. M. Segmented-array CCD echelle grating direct reader the solid state solution. (Lab. Sci. Anal. Univ. Claude Bernard 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex France). 94/C2010. Fry B. Gower G. Cassagne P. PMT-echelle direct reader all the lines you need. (Fisons Instruments Elemental Analysis En Vallaire Ouest C 1024 Ecublens Switzerland).JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY JUNE 1994 VOL. 9 195R 94/C2011. Nelis T. Classic direct reader a design for the 90's.(Instruments S.A. Div. 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Survey of natural materials and the impact of solution pH on heavy metal binding. (Dept. Chem. Biochem. New Mexico State Univ. Las Cruces NM 88003 USA). 94/C2022. Liu Y. Lopez-Ada V. Alcaraz M. Beckert W. F. Wai C. M. Complexation/supercritical fluid extraction of metal ions from environmental solid samples. (Midwest Res. Inst. California Operations 625-B Clyde Ave.Mountain View CA 94043 USA). 94/C2023. Wai C.-M. Lin Y.-h. Jean F. Supercritical fluid extraction of lanthanides and actinides with fluorinated beta-diketones. (Dept. Chem. Univ. Idaho Moscow ID 83843 USA). 94/C2024. Rigney R. O. Heineman W. R. Elder R. C. EXAFS spectroelectrochemical analysis of gold electrodes modi- fied with ruthenium-purple films. (Univ. Cincinnati Dept. Chem. Cincinnati OH 45221 USA). 94/C2025. Gao L. Ren S.-x. Speciation of lead in water by computer simulation. (Dept. Chem. Inner Mongolian Univ. Huhehot Inner Mongolia 010021 China). 94/C2026. Rooney T. A. Crandell C. 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