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Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs on GABA Responses and on Reduction of GABA Responses by PTZ and DMCM on Mouse Neurons in Cell Culture

 

作者: Pétér P. De Deyn,   Robert L. Macdonald,  

 

期刊: Epilepsia  (WILEY Available online 1989)
卷期: Volume 30, issue 1  

页码: 17-25

 

ISSN:0013-9580

 

年代: 1989

 

DOI:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1989.tb05275.x

 

出版商: Blackwell Publishing Ltd

 

数据来源: WILEY

 

摘要:

Summary:The mechanisms of action of antiepileptic drugs effective against generalized absence seizures (antiabsence AEDs) remain uncertain. Antiabsence AEDs are generally effective against seizures induced in experimental animals by pentylenététrazol (PTZ) and methyl‐6,7‐dimethoxy‐4‐ethyl‐β‐carboline‐3‐carboxylate (DMCM), drugs which reduce GABAergic inhibition. Thus, antiabsence AEDs have been suggested to enhance GABAergic inhibition. We studied the effects of several AEDs on GABA responses recorded from mouse spinal cord neurons grown in primary dissociated cell culture. Four antiabsence AEDs were included: ethosuximide (ESM), dimethadione (DMO), sodium valproate (VPA), and diazepam (DZP). Two experimental AEDs, CGS 9896 and ZK 91296, with anticonvulsant action against PTZ‐ or DMCM‐induced seizures were also included. Possible effects of the antiabsence and experimental AEDS on PTZ‐ and DMCM‐induced inhibition of GABA responses were also evaluated. PTZ and DMCM revers‐ibly reduced GABA responses in a concentration‐dependent manner. PTZ complétély inhibited GABA responses at 10mM(IC50of 1.1 mM), whereas DMCM‐induced inhibition of GABA responses reached a plateau level of 39% of control values at 1 p.M (IC50of 33 nM). ESM (1,200 μM), DMO (6mM),VPA (200 u.M), CGS 9896 (2μM),and ZK 98% (2 μM) did not alter GABA responses. DZP enhanced GABA responses in a concentration‐dependent manner. The inhibition of GABA responses produced by PTZ 1 mM was unaltered by ESM (600 μM), DMO (6mM),CGS 9896 (1μ M),or ZK 9896 (1μM)‐Coapplication of VPA (200 μM) and PTZ (1mM)slightly enhanced the PTZ effect. DZP (>10 nM), however, reversed the PTZ‐induced reduction of GABA responses. The DMCM (250 nM) inhibition of GABA‐responses was unaltered by ESM (600 μ.M), DMO (2 mM), or VPA (200 μM). CGS 9896 (2 μM) and ZK 91296 (2μM),however, antagonized the DMCM effect. DZP (>10 nM) significantly reversed the DMCM‐induced inhibition of GABA responses. The lack of effect of VPA, ESM, and DMO on postsynaptic GABA responses suggests that direct enhancement of postsynaptic GABA action is not a common mechanism of action of antiabsence AEDs. The AEDs DZP, CGS 98%, and ZK 912% all reversed DMCM, but not PTZ, reduction of GABA responses, suggesting that these AEDs blocked DMCM seizures by acting at benzodiazepine receptors. However, since only DZP enhanced GABA responses, it is unclear how CGS 98% and ZK 912% blocked PTZ seizures. Key Words: Anticonvulsants–GABA–Neuron culture–Cell culture–Spinal cord neurons–Convulsants.RESUMENLos mecanismos de accidn de las medicaciones antiepilépticas eficaces contra los ataques generalizados de ausencia (AEDs antiausencia) permanecen inciertos. Los AEDs antiausencia son, generalmente, eficaces contra ataques experimentales inducidos por el pentilentetrazol (PTZ) y el metil‐6,7‐dimetoxy‐4‐etil‐Pcarbolina‐3‐carboxilato (DMCM) en animates, medicaciones que reducen la inhibición GABAérgica. Hemos estudiado los efectos de varios AEDs sobre respuestas‐GABA registradas en las neuronas de la médula espinal de ratones que habian crecido en cultivos de células primarieas disociadas. Cuatro AEDs antiausencia fueron incluidos: etoxusimida (ESM), dimetadiona (DMO), valproato sódico (VPA) y diazepan (DZP). Tambtén se incluyeron dos AEDs experimentales, CGS 9896 y ZK 912%, con acción anticonvulsiva contra los ataques inducidos por PTZ o DMCM. Tambión se valoraron los posibles efectos de los AEDs antiausencia y experimentales sobre el PTZ y la inhibición de las respuestas‐GABA inducidas por el DMCM. El PTZ y el DMCM redujeron las respuestas‐GABA de modo reversible y dependiendo de sus concentraciones. El PTZ inhibió cmpleta‐mente las respuestas‐GABA a 10 mM (IC50de 1.1mM)mientras que la inhibitión de las respuestas GABA inducida por el DMCM alcanzó un nivel estable del 39% de los valores control con 1 μ.M(IC50de 33mM).La ESM (1200μ.M),la DMO (6 mM), el VPA (200 μM), el CGS 98% (2 μM)y el ZK 98% (2 μM)no alteraron las respuestas‐GABA. El DZP aumentó las respuestas GABA de una manera concentración‐dependiente. La inhibition de las respuestas‐GABA producidas por el PTZ (1mM),no se altero con las ESM (600 μM),la DMO (6mM),el CGS 98% (1 μM)o el ZK 98% (1 μ.M).La co‐aplicacion de VPA (200 μM)y el PTZ (1 mM) aument6 ligeramente los efectos del PTZ. Sin embargo el DZP (10nM)kehrte die durch DMCM‐induzierte Hemmung der GABA‐Antworten um. Das Fehlen einer Wirkung von VPA. ESM und DMD auf die postsynaptischen GABA‐Antworten legen nahe, daß eine direkte Verstärkung der postsynaptischen GABA‐Aktion kein gemeinsamer Mechanis‐mus der Antiabsencemittel darstellt. Die Antiepileptika DZP, CGS 98% und ZK 912% kehrten die DMCM‐Wirkung auf die GABA‐Antworten um, jedoch nicht die von PTZ, was ve

 

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