The effects of treatment with 0.2 mg/kg of indomethacin on the cerebral blood flow and cerebral oxygen consumption of hypotensive, unanesthetized, newborn pigs were investigated. Hypotension was induced by hemorrhage (30 ml/kg) which reduced mean arterial pressure from 60 to 34 mm Hg. The decline in cerebral vascular resistance that occurred with hemorrhage allowed blood flow to all brain regions and cerebral oxygen consumption to continue unchanged. Treatment with 0.2 mg of indomethacin decreased plasma 6-keto-prostaglandin F1αmarkedly and caused a modest increase in cerebral vascular resistance from 0.75 ± 0.07 to 0.85 ± 0.02 mm Hg.100g·min/ml at 40 min posttreatment. As a result, blood flow throughout the brain fell about 20%. Similarly, cerebral oxygen consumption declined from 2.88 ± 0.13 to 2.03 ± 0.21 O2/100 g·min following treatment of hypotensive piglets with 0.2 mg/kg of indomethacin. However, all piglets were conscious 40 min after treatment. We conclude that, although 0.2 mg/kg of indomethacin affects cerebral hemodynamics of hypotensive piglets, the effects are very modest in comparison to large increases in cerebral vascular resistance, decreases in cerebral blood flow and oxygen consumption, and coma that follow treatment of hypotensive piglets with 5 mg/kg of indomethacin.