Incidence of seroconversion to anti-HCV from December 1989 to May 1991 was evaluated in patients and in their sexual partners. In December ‘89,13 of 66 and in May ‘91, 26 of 75 patients were HCV positive. 9 of 13 new, seroconverted patients had been transfused. Seroconverted mean dialytic age was lower than that of previous HCV-positive patients. All the sexual partners were HCV negative. Blood transfusion seems to be the main risk factor for HCV infection, while environmental contamination is still debata