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Deadtime of scintillation camera systems—definitions, measurement and applications

 

作者: Ralph Adams,   Carl Jansen,   George M. Grames,   C. Duane Zimmerman,  

 

期刊: Medical Physics  (WILEY Available online 2003)
卷期: Volume 1, issue 4  

页码: 198-203

 

ISSN:0094-2405

 

年代: 2003

 

DOI:10.1118/1.1637295

 

出版商: American Association of Physicists in Medicine

 

数据来源: WILEY

 

摘要:

Fast quantitative dynamic studies with scintillation camera systems require deadtime correction. Although such systems are semiparalyzable, they are most conveniently treated either as paralyzable or nonparalyzable. Paralyzing deadtime (τ) is that deadtime during which a system is unable to provide a second output pulse unless there is a time interval of at least τ between two successive events. Paralyzable systems are characterized by Poisson statistics, so that the “true” counting rateN = R eN τ, whereRis the observed counting rate. Nonparalyzing deadtime (T) is that deadtime during which a system is insensitive after eachobservedevent. The period of insensitivity is not affected by any additional “true” events before full recovery occurs. For nonparalyzable systems the corrected counting rateN = R / (1 − RT). A two‐source method protocol is presented for deadtime measurement. The paralyzing deadtime is calculated by a 5‐dimension Newton–Raphson iteration. The nonparalyzing deadtime is calculated by a quadratic equation. Approximation equations are also presented not requiring a computer. Deadtimes are fitted to polynomial equations as dependent variables of measured counting rate. Algorithms incorporating the polynomials are presented for the deadtime correction of histogram curves. Using either the paralyzing or the nonparalyzing approach, precise deadtime corrections are demonstrated.

 

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