Summary.Haemoglobin (Hb) phenotypes have been studied in 100 wild European mouflons living on the island of Sardinia by means of isoelectric focusing (pH 6.7‐7.7 range) of the native tetramers, acid‐urea‐Triton gel‐electrophoresis, and reversedphase HPLC of globin chains. The result indicates the presence of two ß‐globin alleles one of which, corresponding to the ßB, being the most common(f=0.94). None were carriers of the earlier described Hb A. The new Hb was provisionally named Hb M. Severely anaemic mouflons were able to synthesize Hb C at expense of the Hb B alone, thus suggesting structural and physiological homologies between mouflon ßBand sheep ßAglobin genes, and between the newly observed ßMallele and the ßBof the domestic