The modification of nitrogen isotopic signals during particle sedimentation in the sea is of great interest for the use of sedimentary δ15N-values as a paleoceanographic tool. The effect of organic matter degradation on such modification was studied by analyzing nitrogen, hydrolyzable amino acids (THAA) and δ15N-values in a suit of marine settling particles collected from the Bay of Bengal, Indian Ocean, by using time-series sediment traps, and in underlying sediments. The flux of settling particles showed temporal variations which are related to the monsoons, the major climatic feature of this marine region. During high flux periods settling particles are enriched in nitrogenous material that is less degraded and exhibit higher δ15N-values than particles showing characteristics of degradation. At the sediment surface more than 95% of the settling particulate nitrogen is lost and the δ15N-values of the residual sedimentary nitrogen are higher than those of settling particles. The observed increase is interpreted to be due to fractionation during degradation of organic matter.