Coupled ice‐ocean dynamics in the marginal ice zones: Upwelling/downwelling and eddy generation
作者:
Sirpa Häkkinen,
期刊:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
(WILEY Available online 1986)
卷期:
Volume 91,
issue C1
页码: 819-832
ISSN:0148-0227
年代: 1986
DOI:10.1029/JC091iC01p00819
数据来源: WILEY
摘要:
This study is aimed at modeling mesoscale processes such as upwelling/downwelling and ice edge eddies in the marginal ice zones. A two‐dimensional coupled ice‐ocean model is used for the study. The ice model is coupled to the reduced gravity ocean model through interfacial stresses. The parameters of the ocean model were chosen so that the dynamics would be nonlinear. The model was tested by studying the dynamics of upwelling. Winds parallel to the ice edge with the ice on the right produce upwelling because the air‐ice momentum flux is much greater than air‐ocean momentum flux; thus the Ekman transport is greater under the ice than in the open water. The stability of the upwelling and downwelling jets is discussed. The downwelling jet is found to be far more unstable than the upwelling jet because the upwelling jet is stabilized by the divergence. A constant wind field exerted on a varying ice cover will generate vorticity leading to enhanced upwelling/downwelling regions, i.e., wind‐forced vortices. Steepening and strengthening of vortices are provided by the nonlinear terms. When forcing is time‐varying, the advection terms will also redistribute the vorticity. The wind reversals will separate the vortices from the ice edge, so that the upwelling enhancements are pushed to the open ocean and the downwelling enhancements are pushed underne
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