The Hamiltonian formulation of optics
作者:
Tetsundo Sekiguchi,
Kurt Bernardo Wolf,
期刊:
American Journal of Physics
(AIP Available online 1987)
卷期:
Volume 55,
issue 9
页码: 830-835
ISSN:0002-9505
年代: 1987
DOI:10.1119/1.14999
出版商: American Association of Physics Teachers
关键词: HAMILTONIAN FUNCTION;GEOMETRICAL OPTICS;INHOMOGENEOUS MATERIALS;REFRACTION;CANONICAL TRANSFORMATIONS;PHASE SPACE
数据来源: AIP
摘要:
Snell’s law of refraction is a conservation law of optical momentum. In infinitesimal form, it leads directly to the Hamilton equations for geometrical optics. The latter guarantee that the transformation of optical phase space produced by propagation through a medium where the index of refraction is continuously differentiable, is canonical. Discontinuous‐index systems such as refracting surfaces must be treated through a complementary description to show that they are also canonical. They have recently been shown to factorize into two ‘‘root’’ transformations, each depending on the properties of a single medium, and each canonical. This factorization is applicable to reflection off curved mirrors as well.
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