Current status of sesamum diseases in India is reviewed. Sesamum phyllody is the most destructive disease in India. Leaf curl is also responsible for heavy losses when it infects at early growth stages of the crop. Bacterial leaf spot,Pseudomonas sesamicauses considerable yield reduction whenever it infects the sesamum crop. Bacterial blight,Xanthomonas sesamiis serious during the monsoon and to young plants. Among the fungal diseases, leaf blight,Alternaria sesamileafspot,Cercosporasp., and leaf blight.Phytophthora parasiticaare important. Charcoal rot,Macromophomina phaseolinais widespread and destructive but difficult to control. Mildew is not a serious disease. A number of organisms have been reported to cause this disease. Reports on the occurrence of several minor diseases have also been listed.