KOLBE'S PItOGNOSIS OF NEW VIL-Prognosis of new Alcohols and Aldehydes. By Professor H. KOLBE,in Leipzig. IN my several publications on Organic Chemistry I have re-peatedly directed attention to the probable existence of a class of compounds related to the ordinary alcohols and aldehydes in the same manner as diarnines and triamines are related to mona-mines. In a former memoir on the Secondary Alcohols,* I placed am-monia and carbin,? ethylamine and ethylcarbin in parallels thus :-H7 H'I "1"3 H H H c4E5}" c43} [C,] and endeavoured to demonstrate from the known exivtence of secondary and tertiary ammonias the possibility of the existence of secondary and tertiary alcohols several of which are now actually known. A similar parallel drawn in a different direction opens out a new field of chemical research.For just as diamines 2re produced by the substitution of diatomic radicals for hydrogen in ammonia so may it be regarded as probable or,I should rather say predicted with certainty that dicarbinols will he produced under similar circumstances from carhinols as indicated by the following con- stitutional formulze :-c43} H [NJ H Ethylamine. Ethyl-carbinol. Ethy lene-diamine. Ethylene-dicarbinol. Jt Ann.Ch. Pharm. cxxxii 102. .t. For reacona developed in the memoir Bbove referred to I have proposed to designate methyl as "carbin," metliylic alcohol as "carbinol," ethylic alcohol aa '' methyl-carbinol,"which names are used in the present communication. ALCOHOLS AND ALDEHYDES.Further the replacement of the two pairs of typic bydrogen-atoms in ethylene-dicarbinol by diatomic or monatomic radicals will give rise to the formation of secondary and tertiary dicar- binols e.g. :-Ethylene-diethyl-dicarbinol ....... . [%] 0,. 2H0 (C4H4)” Ethylene-diethyl-dimethyl-dicarbinol(C4€&J2} [21 0 .2HO P2HA Ordinary alcohols are converted into aldehydes by substitution of oxygen for one of their typical hydrogen-atoms; and in like manner eth ylene-dicarbinol may be expected to yield an aldehyde by oxidation and elimination of a pair of its typical kydrogen- atoms ; thus :-J Propyl-alcohol. Propg1-aldehyde. (c42)’}0,.2H0 H c2 Ethylene-dicarbinol. Corresponding aldehyde. The acid corresponding to ethylene-dicarbinol and its aldehyde and resulting from the latter by oxidation of the last pair of hydrogen-atoms is succinic acid (C4H4)”r2O.I 0,.2HO. c20, These considerations lead to the further conclusion that other dibasic acids as well as succinic acid mill have tbeir correspond- ing aldehydes and alcohols. Those of malic tartaric and phthaiic acid will be symbolically represented as follows :-Succinic acid. Succinic aldehyde. Succinic alcohol. Mdic acid. lldsdic aldehyde. Malic alcohol. 56 KOLBE’S PROGNOSIS OF NEW ALCOHOLS ANDALDEHYDES. Tartaric acid. Tartaric aldehyde. Tartaric alcohol. Phthalic acid. Phthalic aldehyde. Phthalic alcohol. Malic alcohol is merely isomeric not identical with diethylenic alcohol. Evidently also there must exist tricarbinols with their alde- hydes corresponding to the tribasic acids.The composition of’ the aldehyde and alcohol of aconitic acid are represented by the formula+-Aconitic acid. Aconhic aldehyde. Aconitic alcohol. It may be predicted that the aldehydes and probably also the alcohols,-of the tribasic acids will exhibit acid properties. Hofmann has shown that one of the two nitrogen-atoms in a dianiine may be replaced by phosphorus; and in like manner it is highly probable that in the dicarbinols a double atom of carbon may be replaced by another tetra. equivalent element for example by silicium (SiJ perhaps also by the tetratomic sulphur of sul-phurous acid whereby new alcohols with mixed radicals will be produced ; thus-(C4HI)N HP H1 2H0 H2 ] [z]02.2H0 (c4H4y} 02.2HO (GHS” } [‘(I 02.H2 HL H2 Ethylene-dicarbinol. Ethylene-silici-dicarbinol. Ethylene-sulphi-dicarbinol. Lastly if succinic acid has an aldehyde and an alcohol belong- ing to it we may expect also that the analogously constituted propio-sulphiiric acid and similar polybasic acids with mixed radicals will have their corresponding aldehydes and alcohols as represented by the following constitutional formulae :-Propio-sulphuricacid. Corresponding aldehyde. Corresponding alcohol. GRIESS ON ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ETC. I am at present engaged in endeavouring to obtain the alcohols and aldehydes of polyLasic acids from the acids themselves and hope soon to be able to communicate positive results.