Parasitism of Tufted Apple Bud Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Conventional Insecticide and Pheromone-Treated Pennsylvania Apple Orchards
作者:
D. J. Biddinger,
C. M. Felland,
L. A. Hull,
期刊:
Environmental Entomology
(OUP Available online 1994)
卷期:
Volume 23,
issue 6
页码: 1568-1579
ISSN:0046-225X
年代: 1994
DOI:10.1093/ee/23.6.1568
出版商: Oxford University Press
关键词: Tortricidae;parasitism;biodiversity
数据来源: OUP
摘要:
A faunistic study was conducted over a four year period in apple orchards utilizing different pesticide management strategies to determine the parasitoid complex of the tufted apple bud moth,Platynota idaeusalis(Walker). The relative effectiveness of these parasitoids as control agents in conventional orchards using broad-spectrum insecticides was compared to those using pheromone-mediated mating disruption to controlP. idaeusalis.Limited samples were also taken of other tortricids found in these orchards to determine if they were serving as alternate hosts forP. idaeusalisparasitoids. Thirty-one parasitoid and two hyperparasitoid species were recovered during this study which, when combined with other records, present a total parasitoid complex of 41 species forP. idaeusalis.Total parasitism was higher for summer broodP. idaeusalislarvae in mating disruption orchards than in conventional orchards. Total parasitism of the overwintering brood ofP. idaeusaliswas higher than the summer brood in conventional orchards. Rates of parasitism were comparable in mating disruption blocks during both broods. The ichneumonExochus atricepsWalsh. was the most common parasitoid species, and it attacked both broods ofP. idaeusalis.The braconidsMeteorus trachynotusViereck,Bassus anulipes(Cresson),B. cinctus(Cresson),Apanteles polychrosidisViereck, and anApantelessp. nearedwardsiiRiley were also common but they attacked only the overwintering brood. Four undescribed species of braconids were found during this study.
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