The predictions of four measurement models are compared for the 2002 Ultrasonic Benchmark Problem. The problem involves the pulse‐echo responses of spherical and cylindrical cavities. The ultrasonic waves are considered to be generated and detected by either a planar or spherically focused probe, each of finite diameter and positioned to produce normally incident or refracted waves (longitudinal or shear) of the desired angle. Among the results are a new expression for the response of the cylindrical cavity and a quantitative comparison of the various models. Noteworthy is the differences in the predictions of the beam models, for refracted angles near critical angles and for focused probes. © 2003 American Institute of Physics