In this paper we prove that every coseparable involutory Hopf algebra over the ring of integers Z which is a free Z-module is the group ring of some group. This result was proved independently for Hopf algebras which are finitely generated Z-modules by H.-J. Schneider [6], using similar techniques. We then give some examples of coseparable Hopf algebras over number rings which are not group algebras, and give an example of a cocommutative coseparable coalgebra over a number ring which cannot be given a multiplicative structure making it into a Hopf algebra. The Hopf algebra structure theory required for this paper is found in [1], [4], and [5]. For completeness we give proofs here of the coalgebra analogues to some “well-known” facts about separable algebras.