This review paper examines the relative importance of the major factors which influence the uptake of Ca by crop plants. Sources of soil Ca and the significance of mass flow and diffusion in Ca uptake are discussed. The cation composition of the soil solution, the form and level of N‐nutrition, root extension, morphology and distribution in the soil, and the specific plant species and cultivar are all important in regulating Ca uptake at the soil/plant root level. The close relationship between Ca uptake and water uptake by plant roots is of further importance. The specific effects of Ca on membrane structure and function are also discussed in relation to the uptake process.