Continuation and maintenance electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is used to reduce the risk for relapse and recurrence of illness in patients who fare poorly with continuation and maintenance medication regimens. Despite the potential value of these ECT schedules, both are relatively neglected in clinical practice. This article therefore reviews the last decade of research on the subject. Although the research comprises mostly single and multiple case reports and small open studies, continuation and maintenance ECT does emerge as a safe and effective treatment for relapse- and recurrence-prone patients who have responded to a course of ECT.