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Air bake-out to reduce hydrogen outgassing from stainless steel

 

作者: M. Bernardini,   S. Braccini,   R. De Salvo,   A. Di Virgilio,   A. Gaddi,   A. Gennai,   G. Genuini,   A. Giazotto,   G. Losurdo,   H. B. Pan,   A. Pasqualetti,   D. Passuello,   P. Popolizio,   F. Raffaelli,   G. Torelli,   Z. Zhang,   C. Bradaschia,   R. Del Fabbro,   I. Ferrante,   F. Fidecaro,   P. La Penna,   S. Mancini,   R. Poggiani,   P. Narducci,   A. Solina,   R. Valentini,  

 

期刊: Journal of Vacuum Science&Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films  （AIP Available online 1998）
卷期: Volume 16, issue 1  

页码: 188-193

 

ISSN:0734-2101

 

年代: 1998

 

DOI:10.1116/1.580967

 

出版商: American Vacuum Society

 

数据来源: AIP

 

摘要:

Hydrogen outgassing is the most significant factor limiting the attainment of outgassing rates below10−12 mbar l s−1 cm−2in stainless steel vacuum systems. This limit turns out to be crucial in very large vacuum systems, like the VIRGO vacuum tubes (2 tubes 1.2 m diam, 3000 m length). Heating the raw material at 400 °C in air was suggested as a money saving alternative to the classical vacuum heating at 950 °C. We report the results of hydrogen content analysis performed on stainless steel samples submitted to different treatments, and also the measurement performed on a prototype tube (1.2-m-diam, 48-m-long). We concluded that air bake-out drives out most of the hydrogen absorbed in the bulk stainless steel, while the presence of an oxide layer does not reduce the hydrogen outgassing.

 

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