首页   按字顺浏览 期刊浏览 卷期浏览 Control of Karoo paralysis ticks through vegetation management
Control of Karoo paralysis ticks through vegetation management

 

作者: L. J. FOURIE,   D. J. KOK,   L. KRUGEL,   A. SNYMAN,   F. VAN DER LINGEN,  

 

期刊: Medical and Veterinary Entomology  (WILEY Available online 1996)
卷期: Volume 10, issue 1  

页码: 39-43

 

ISSN:0269-283X

 

年代: 1996

 

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2915.1996.tb00080.x

 

出版商: Blackwell Publishing Ltd

 

关键词: Karoo paralysis;Ixodes rubicundus;Acari;Ixodidae;control;vegetation management;South Africa

 

数据来源: WILEY

 

摘要:

Abstract.Karoo paralysis, caused by feedingIxodes rubicundusfemales, is a major disease of small stock in South Africa. Control methods currently practised are almost exclusively chemical based. To limit overdependance on chemicals, vegetation management was investigated as a possible method for control, to be incorporated in an integrated tick management system. Laboratory and field experiments were conducted to determine, firstly, the extent of vertical migration and survival of ticks on long and short copper rods which simulated grasses as questing substrates; secondly, the infestation burdens of sheep exposed to similar tick challenges in pens with long and short grass; and thirdly, the effect of trimming the lower crown line of wild olive trees, simulating the browsing effect of goats, on tick density in the immediate environment of the trees. When ticks were exposed to optimal (>45 cm) and sub‐optimal (<10 cm) length rods on which to quest, the extent of vertical migration over extended periods of time (up to 87 days) was significantly higher (P<0.001) for the ticks exposed to long rods. Also, almost 3 times as many ticks exposed to long rods survived compared to those exposed to short rods. Sheep exposed to long grass were infested by twice as many ticks compared to those exposed to short grass. Tick density at modified wild olive trees (Olea europaea africana) (0.027 ticks/m2) differed significantly (P<0.05) from that at control trees (0.088 ticks/m2). It is recommended that coarse grazers such as cattle and horses should be used to graze down long grasses before sheep are introduced into camps known to be infested withI. rubicundus.Similarly, domestic goats can, through their browsing effect on shrubs and trees, modify the vegetation and as such play an important role in an integrated tick management syste

 

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