Change, Flexibility, Spontaneity, and Self-Determination in Leisure
作者:
Robert N. Wilson,
Stanley Parker,
期刊:
Social Forces
(OUP Available online 1981)
卷期:
Volume 60,
issue 2
页码: 323-331
ISSN:0037-7732
年代: 1981
DOI:10.1093/sf/60.2.323
出版商: The University of North Carolina Press
数据来源: OUP
摘要:
The concepts of choice, flexibility, spontaneity, and self-determination are important in understanding forms of leisure institutions and behavior. Choice is never completely free, and numerous options do not necessarily mean qualitatively different choices. Flexibility is concerned with the timing of selected courses of action. For the individual, spontaneity is the opposite of routine and pre-planning. Self-determination describes how far the individual is free to decide the quality and conditions of his leisure behavior. Dichotomized values at the societal level of rigid / flexible institutions and at the individual level of spontaneous / programmed behavior yield four types of leisure-like manifestations: stereotyped nonwork activities, free time, recreation, and “true” leisure.
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