Hazard assessment of lead
作者:
ClarkD. Carrington,
DanielM. Sheehan,
P.Michael Bolger,
期刊:
Food Additives & Contaminants
(Taylor Available online 1993)
卷期:
Volume 10,
issue 3
页码: 325-335
ISSN:0265-203X
年代: 1993
DOI:10.1080/02652039309374155
出版商: Taylor & Francis Group
关键词: lead;tolerable intake
数据来源: Taylor
摘要:
Exposure to lead (Pb) continues to be a source of concern for the US Food and Drug Administration and other United States federal regulatory agencies. Blood lead levels as low as 10μg/dl have been associated with impaired neurobehavioural and cognitive development and electrophysiological deficits in children and reduced gestational age and birth weight in infants. Blood lead levels of 10μg Pb/dl are also of concern in pregnant women because of exposure to the fetus. Blood lead levels of 30μg Pb/dl have been associated with elevated blood pressure and other adverse effects in adults. Thus, the values of 10 and 30μgPb/dl represent lowest‐observed‐effects levels for developing and adult populations, respectively. The ingestion levels that result in these blood levels of concern were estimated to be 60μg Pb/day for children ages 6 years or younger, 150μg Pb/day for children aged 7 years or older, 250μg Pb/day for pregnant women and 750μgPb/day for adults. Provisional total tolerable intake levels for lead were derived from these blood lead levels for each group by applying the Renwick approach to obtain a tolerable exposure level.
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