AbstractIsosorbide is obtained by dehydration of sorbitol and therefore can be considered as a valuable product from biomass. The acid‐catalyzed reaction gives rise to different anhydro‐compounds, but also to polymer‐like products. Kinetics of sorbitol decrease, followed with the help of HPLC, shows, remarkedly, the different reactions taking place during the dehydration. Physiocochemical properties of isosorbide are also discussed: melting temperature, specific gravity, solubility. Emphasis is put on stereochemistry aspect, pointing out theendo‐exoposition of hydroxyl groupsversusthose of other isomers:exo‐exofor isoiodide andendo‐endofor isomannide. Some other properties such as: hygroscopicity ant thermal stability are also discussed. The chemical reactivity of the molecule is then described and some reactions analyzed, proving the interest of the cyclic conformation. Finally, a review of known applications i